Types of nerves

Nerves are like small wires found in the body.The nerves cells are also called neurons.
Most of the nerves are associated to the middle nervous system through the spinal cord.

There are two types of nerves:
1.Afferent nerves
2.Efferent nerves

Afferent nerves and efferent nerves have different functions.Afferent nerves take messages from to the brain from the body.Efferent nerves take messages from the brain to the body.
There are billions of nerves cell in human body.

Ecosystem

Ecosystem is a functional unit that consist of living things and non-living things in a given area, linked together through nutrient cycle and energy flow.

There are two types of ecosystem:
1.Terrestrial ecosystem and 2.Aquatic ecosystem.

Terrestrial ecosystem exists on land and aquatic ecosystem exists in water.

Ecosystem give important life-support services to human beings.Both types of ecosystem have been affected by human activities.Water pollution from industries and deforestation may be given as examples.







 

Mutation in living organism

Before we discuss mutation in living organism let us first try to understand what is mutation.

Mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of a gene.It causes an alteration in the sequence of the amino acids of the protein..

Mutation are not life threatening.Many people undergo mutation and still lead a healthy life.
Mutation is done for plants as well.

To know more about mutation both in plants and animals, you can check in internet where you can find
helpful information.

Whorls of Hibiscus flower

Hibiscus is a shrub which belongs to the family Malvaceae.The Hibiscus flower grows from the axil of a leaf like structure.Hibiscus flower is a bisexual flower as it has both male and female reproductive part in the same flower.


There are four whorls in a typical Hibiscus flower.They are calyx,corolla,androecium and gynoecium.
Calys:It is made up of sepals.Five sepals are united together  to form a cup like structure which is called gamosepalous.Calyx protect the flower in the bud stage.
Corolla-It is made up five petals which are in free condition.The petals  are brightly coloured to attract the insects for pollination.
Androecium-It is the male reproductive part. Androecium in Hibiscus consist of anther and filament.Inside the anther they contains pollengrains which contains the male gametes..They produce numerous stamens and the filaments of all the stamens are united to form a single bundle and such a condition is called monadelphous.
Gynoecium-It is the female reproductive part.It consist of ovary,style and stigma.Hibiscus flower consist of 5 carpels which are united.The ovules are developed on the placenta at the central axis of the septa.


Hibiscus flower contain all the floral whorls.So, it is also known as a complete flower.

The natural system classification

Carolus Linnaeus classification of natural system is one of the earliest classification.His classification is known as the" Two Kingdom Classification".In this classification all the living organisms are placed under two categories.Here plants and animals are divided.

Plants are placed under "Kingdom Plantae" and animals are placed under "Kingdom Animalia".So Animalia is the name given to animal kingdom.Kingdom Animalia includes the animals such as protozoans, sponges, jelly fishes, worms, crabs, insects, spiders, snails, starfishes, sharks, bony fishes, frogs, lizards, birds and mammals.

Animal kingdom was initially divided into unicellular and multicellular. Protozoa is unicellular and metazoa is multicellular.Metazoa is further divided into vertebrates and invertebrates.

Elements

Before we can proceed to learn what are elements, it is important to know what is matter.Matter is any substance that has mass.Matter is classified into two categories: Pure substances and mixture.

Pure substances are made up of only one element whereas a mixture is a material containing two or more elements or compounds that are in close contact and are mixed in any proportion. The components of mixtures can be separated by physical means.

Elements come under pure substances.They are the smallest matters that exist on earth.It cannot be further divided into simpler substances by ordinary processes. Oxygen and  hydrogen are one of them.There are 114 elements found out of which 92 of them occur in nature.Elements are also sub-divided into metal and non-metal.Iron is an example of metal and sulphur is is an example of non-metal.

Elements are the basic building of  every object or things that exist on Earth.Water is formed from oxygen and hydrogen.Forming process may vary but everything has element in it.

Next time i will share with you a learning on general chemical.

Organ systems of the human body

Human body consists of ten major organ systems that work together as a unit.There are several smaller organs that are associated with each of the major organ systems of the human body.

The ten major organ systems of the human body have their own function.All the functions are interrelated.If the function of one organ system fails, the functions of other organ systems are affected.The major organ systems are describe below:
1)Circulatory organ system
2)Digestive:Organs in the digestive system includes mouth, stomach, intestine, rectum, teeth, tongue, liver and pancreas.
3)Endocrine
4)Integumentary
5)Muscular
6)Nervous
7)Reproductive
8)Respiratory
9)Skeletal
10)Urinary/Excretory

Among the organ systems of the human body integumentary organ system is the largest organ.